Modal verbsThere is a group of special verbs called modal verbs. They are usually used with another verb. The second verb remains in the infinitive and goes to the end of the sentence or clause. Here are the verbs: dü rfen: kö nnen: mü ssen: sollen: wollen: To be allowed to To be able to, can To have to, must To be meant to, ought to To want ich darf kann muss soll will du darfst kannst musst sollst willst er / ie / es darf kann muss soll will wir dü rfen kö nnen mü ssen sollen wollen ihr dü rft kö nnt mü sst sollt wollt Sie / sie dü rfen kök; nnen mü ssen sollen wollen Ich mö chte (I would like) works like a modal verb and sends the infinitive to the end of the sentence or clause. For example: Ich mö chte einen Kuchen kaufen. = I would like to buy a cake. Ich darf nach Hause gehen = I may go home. Ich kann meine Hausaufgaben nicht machen = I cannot do my homework. Separable verbsSeparable verbs are made up of two parts. There is the main verb and then there is a bit stuck on the beginning of the verb (a prefix), which does different things, depending on the tense. For example: ankommen = to arrivePresent tense: Der Bus kommt um neun Uhr an. (The bus arrives at 9 o 'clock). The prefix goes to the end. /**/Reflexive verbsSome verbs are used when talking about doing something to 'oneself' - for example, I wash myself, I dress myself. The reflexive pronoun ('mich', 'dich', etc.) changes according to the subject of the verb. Here is an example of a reflexive verb: sich waschen to wash oneself ich wasche mich I wash myself du wä schst dich you wash yourself (familiar singular) er wä scht sich he washes himself ie wä scht sich she washes herself es wä scht sich it washes itself wir waschen uns we wash ourselves ihr wascht euch you wash yourself (familiar plural) sie waschen sich you wash yourself (formal) sie waschen sich they wash themselves If you want to ask a question using a reflexive verb, look at the word order: Freust du dich auf die Sommerferien? Here are some other reflexive verbs: sich anziehen to dress oneself sich fü hlen to feel sich umziehen to get changed sich entschuldigen to excuse oneself sich langweilen to be / get bored sich setzen to sit down sich amü sieren to enjoy oneself sich freuen auf + acc to look forward to The good thing about reflexive verbs is that they all take 'haben' in the perfect tense, so you don't have to worry about that. In order to remember where to put the reflexive pronoun ('sich', etc.), remember that it always goes immediately after 'haben'. For example: Ich habe mich heute fr¨ ewaschen. Note: If you want to say 'I brush my hair', 'I clean my teeth', the reflexive pronouns are different for 'Ich' and 'Du'. You need to think of it as doing these things to yourself, so you are using dative reflexive pronouns. For example: Ich bü rste mir die Haare. Du putzt dir die Zä hne.